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A high-gain SIW elliptically polarized antenna combination of a dipole and loop antenna based on substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) is proposed for millimeter-wave (mm-wave) applications. The dipole and loop antenna are differentially excited by a longitudinal slot etched on the top layer of SIW. The proposed combination of dipole and loop antenna forms a parallel electric dipole and magnetic dipole, which radiates two orthogonal electric field components and 90∘ phase difference in the far-field radiation when they are excited with the same phased signal. The proposed antenna achieves a realized gain of 8.346 dBi, with a radiation efficiency of 89.40% at 60 GHz. 

This paper presents a highly efficient single-layer substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) based leaky-wave antenna (LWA) for the millimeter-wave unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication system. The leaky wave-based radiating part of the unit cell includes a combination of two Y-shaped slots with 46° stretched V etched on the top SIW, resulting in a W-shaped structure. The proposed array achieves a high gain of 13.47 dBi for the frequency range of 56.3 GHz to 63.4 GHz covering the unlicensed band, with a fine matching level below -21 dB. Using the leaky wave antenna's frequency scanning capability, the proposed antenna exhibits a scanning range of 38°. The designed antenna shows a promising solution for the UAV-to-UAV applications due to its low profile and compactness and is well-suited for the single-layer low-cost printed circuit board fabrication process using Rogers RT 5880 as substrate. The radiation pattern for the achieved bandwidth shows an average half-power angular beamwidth of 12.1°, resulting in a radiation efficiency of more than 62% for the elements arranged uniformly at a distance of 0.456λ . Following an overall low-profile compact size of 6.48×4 λ corresponding to 3.24×0.2 cm and improved performance, the antenna achieves an elliptical polarization at 60 GHz for an axial ratio equal to 3.5 dBi.